Social Consequences of Inequality

Social Consequences of Inequality Inequality is a feature of my country, (the UK), however, it is of little social consequence. Discuss. Introduction Inequality in society means that some people are at a disadvantage compared to others. In the UK inequalities are featured in a number of different contexts. Women for example are socially disadvantaged in comparison to men and ethnic minorities are often disadvantaged in comparison to the dominant white community because they may not have the same opportunities. There are also class inequalities in Britain where those from a working class background are often disadvantaged compared to people from a middle-class background (Giddens, 2001). This assignment will discuss the statement that inequality is a feature of the UK and assess the view that it is of little social consequence, this will be done with reference to class and gender inequalities in health. Class Inequalities Those who belong to the higher capitalist classes and to the middle classes tend to be better educated than people from a working class background. This often means that the higher classes have greater material resources than those from a lower class. Having more money means that people also have greater access to other resources. They tend to fare better when it comes to education and to health because they live in better areas which tend to have less crowded and better performing schools (Giddens, 2001). The working classes tend to have more stressful, or more physically demanding jobs that pay less money than, for example, teaching or being the manager of a successful business. This means that they often cannot afford the same kind of diet as those who earn more money and live in a better area. This puts them at a disadvantage in terms of how healthy they are and how long they might expect to live (Walsh et al, 2000). Such inequalities do not simply occur as a result of class ineq ualities but in areas where people do not have the same equality of opportunity. Since the late nineteen sixties feminists such as Walby (1990) have pointed to the fact that in a capitalist society women do not have the same access to material or other social resources and that this is due to the gender inequalities which exist in a patriarchal society. Gender Inequalities Britain is a patriarchal society. In patriarchal societies women are seen as the subordinate sex. Patriarchy is bound up with traditional notions of the family where the father was seen as the head of the family unit. This, feminists say, can be seen in all the structures of patriarchal societies where laws and social structures operate in such a way as to benefit men at the expense of women (Walby, 1990). Since the nineteenth century the traditional family has been one where the man goes to work and the woman stays at home and looks after the house and any children in the family. Walby (1990) argues that this arrangement made women invisible and their labour in the home, which allowed men to have a public life, has not been taken into account. With the rise of feminism and the struggle for equal opportunities for women the situation has changed somewhat and many women now work outside the home. Work does not readjust the gender imbalances that exist in British society because in mos t jobs women still earn less than men. Walby (1990) has argued that gender is a primary category when it comes to inequaltity and the oppression of women. State policies may no longer aim to keep women in the home but have done little to alleviate the inequalities between women and men in the public sphere. Certain occupations such as teaching, nursing, shop or clerical work are still regarded as women’s work. Although women may now be involved in the public sphere and can be found in the labour market in increasing numbers, Walby states that they still remain segregated from wealth, power and status. Doyal (1995) has said that research shows that while paid work brings benefits to a family it can also bring extra stresses and responsibilities. These may then affect women’s health. The increasing number of roles that women are called upon to play in contemporary society affects their emotional, mental and physical well being. Class, Gender, and Health For some time there has been concern over the fact that there appear to be inequalities in health provision and the ways in which this impacts on people’s lives. As a result of this sociologists look the body, or aspects of the body and the ways in which factors such as class, race and gender affect a person’s experience of health (Giddens, 2001).The Acheson Report (1998) pointed out that health inequalities are complex, certainly more than people had previously believed. Material deprivation alone is not the cause of inequalities in health, rather there are wider cultural and economic factors which interact with personal choices based on psychological and biological influences. Acheson recommended that a wider range of intervention and policy initiatives would be needed to address health inequalities. Many commentators believe that class inequalities in health have worsened over the last twenty five years with the introduction of market forces into healthcare i.e. oper ating the health system as though it were a business (Giddens, 2001). This particularly affects those people at the lower end of the class scale because facilities in poorer areas are often over stretched and therefore people may have to wait longer for the care they need. Women in Britain tend to use the health services a lot more than their male counterparts. This is explained in terms of women generally living longer than men, having more chronic illnesses and generally being the main care giver and child rearer in the family (Provincial Health Officer’s Report, 1995). Feminists such as Abbott and Wallace (1997) point out that what is often missed is that women will also visit the doctor on behalf of another family member. Feminists also point out that because there is no specific health care policy for women the processes of menstruation, childbirth and the menopause are over medicalised. Are These Inequalities of Social Consequence? Clearly there are class and gender inequalities which are endemic to society in the United Kingdom and this results in inequalities in other areas of social life such as health. It might be argued that these inequalities do have social consequences. Class inequalities in health for example can result in working class members of society suffering from greater ill health and dying prematurely. The results of this could mean a shortage of workers in jobs that are not usually held by people from other classes it could also mean that the working class are more of a burden on the health system than their middle class counterparts. These things could have much wider social consequences, a shortage of services, in the construction industry for example, and a shortage of hospital beds in some areas. Similarly gender inequalities could also have wider social consequences. If women do not have sufficient access to health services then they may not be healthy enough to take care of other members of the family. Conclusion Clearly there are inequalities in this country and it would certainly appear that these inequalities may not seem to be of great social consequence but if they are left to carry on unaddressed could have wider ramifications. The introduction of the Community Care Act in 1990 for example relies on family members to take care of those people who may not be able to look after themselves as a result of mental health problems, or simply due to age. Members of the upper and middle classes may well have the resources to pay for care but working class people do not. If health inequalities are not addressed then there may be no-one who is fit enough to look after those people who are unable to look after themselves. This could have serious consequences for the health system, the benefits system, and Government policy making in general. 1250 words Bibliography Abbott and Wallace, 1997 An Introduction to Sociology: Feminist Perspectives. London, Routledge Acheson, D. 1998. Independent Inquiry into Inequalities in Health Report London, HMSO Doyal, L. 1995 What Makes Women Sick London, Macmillan Giddens, A. 2001 4th ed. Sociology, Cambridge, Polity Press www.polity.co.uk/giddens Pollert, A. 1996. â€Å"Gender and class revisited or the poverty of patriarchy† Sociology vol. 30 no. 4 Provincial Health Of. cer’s Annual Report (1995). Report on the Health of British Columbia. BC Ministry of Health and Ministry Responsible for Seniors. Townsend, P. Davidson, N. and Whitehead, M. (eds) 1988. Inequalities in Health, the Black Report and the Health Divide Harmondsworth, Penguin Turner, B. 1987.Medical Power and Social Knowledge. London, Sage. Walby,S. 1990. Theorising Patriarchy. Blackwell, Oxford. Walsh, M. Stephens, P. and Moore, S. 2000 Social Policy and Welfare. Cheltenham,

China and Tibet Essay -- History Politics Government Essays

China and Tibet - Historical Territorial Integrity, Rights to Self-Determination, and The Anatomy of Compromise â€Å"The issue involved is the extinction of the people, the Tibetan People†¦No sir, what I have in mind is the extinction of the Tibetans as a distinct people, with its traditions, its own way of life and its own type of religion.† Tsiang, China’s Permanent UN Representative, 1953 â€Å"The Communist have, for the past 50 years, imposed their revolution upon unwilling Tibetan peasants and nomads, and have ruled Tibet by threat, or often the actual use, of force. But force alone cannot, in the long-run sustain any illegitimate domination.† Dawa Norbu, 1999 â€Å"Tibetans are shouldering the responsibility of our freedom struggle with undiminishing determination and indomitable sprit†¦ With my homage to the brave men and women of Tibet who have died for the cause of freedom, I pray for an early end to the suffering of our people.† His Holiness, The Dalai Lama, 1999 The Tibet question, in its simplest form, concerns the natural rights of the Tibetan people to self-determination, against the People’s Republic of China’s rights to territorial integrity. The debate has been unable to reach any sort of international consensus because of the difficult legal and historical views. China insists that they have sovereignty over Tibet, as the Tibetan Plateau has been within its boundaries for over seven hundred years. China employs the â€Å"17-Point Peace Plan† as notarization for this claim. This mutually signed Agreement resulted in the â€Å"liberation† of Tibetans from feudal serfdom in 1951. Since then the People’s Republic of ... ...nd The Dalai Lama, Pg.15 [18] Dawa Norbu, China’s Tibet Policy, Pg. 381 [19] Nathan Sivin, The Contemporary Chinese Almanac, Pg.52 [20] Nathan Sivin, The Contemporary Chinese Almanac, Pg. 52 [21] The House of International Relations Committee: U.S. Policy Considerations In Tibet, March 2000 [22] Dawa Norbu, China’s Tibet Policy, Pg. 230 [23] Eric S. Margolis, War at the Top of the World, Pg. 180 [24] Dawa Norbu, China’s Tibet Policy, Pg. 230 [25] The House of International Relations Committee: The status of negotiations between China and Tibet, April 2000 [26] David Little and Scott W. Hibbard, Sino-Tibetan Co-Existence: Creating Space for Tibetan Self-Direction, USIP 1993 [27] The House of International Relations Committee: The status of negotiations between China and Tibet, January 2003

Jaydens Rescue Alternative Ending Essay

â€Å"Well, AFGOI it’ll have to be,† said Alex. â€Å"That’s all we have. I just hope it’ll put Rechner away†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"Next time we will see him we will all say AFGOI at once,† suggested Vanessa. They waited patiently to see the evil Rechner again so they could use the magic word to free Jayden. Several days went by and the time was passing very quickly at camp. Every day was full of activities. At the end of the week Sam, Vanessa, and Alex all decided to go sailing because of the water skiing accident. Alex did not want to water ski again. Neither did Vanessa after what happened to Alex last time. They kept wondering when Rechner would appear again. After spending time on the lake, it began to rain cats and dogs. They ran for shelter under a pavilion and were glad that they were off of the sailboat. Sam said, â€Å"Why don’t we head towards our cabin and call it a night.† Alex and Vanessa agreed. They began their long trek to reach the cabin. The ground was very soggy and muddy and they all got their shoes extremely dirty. They were all happy to hit the hay for a good night’s sleep. Their counselor stayed up to watch them to make sure they didn’t leave again. In the morning their counselor was exhausted so he let the campers sleep longer than usual. When they awoke, they all were starving and their entire cabin headed to go eat. After breakfast Alex, Vanessa, and Sam went back to the cabin to brush their teeth and that is when the evil Rechner finally appeared. All three of them said AFGOI at once and Rechner said, â€Å"Okay I give up and you win. Jayden gets to go back to her palace.† Alex, Vanessa, and Sam couldn’t believe what they just heard. Everyone that lived in Idyllia was so happy to have the Emerald Queen back. They pushed nine hundred dollars out of the book. Alex, Vanessa, and Sam were so excited because Jayden was now safe and they each had three hundred dollars. They were finally done with Rechner once and for all! Jayden’s Rescue Written By: Vladimir Tumanov Project by: Schmo went through 2 green lights. Mane went through 1 red light. Torch went through 3 yellow lights. This is 6 lights in all (2+1+3). Then they repeated the same path so 6+6= 12 lights passed. Torch went through 3 yellow lights twice so 3+3 = 6. Each ticket was $300 so 6 lights times $300 is $1,800. He only had $100 bills so you need to divide $1,800 by $100 and you get 18. Torch passed 4 ponds which each had a duck. These 4 ducks bit his hand each one time and each bite caused 4 red bumps. So 4 bites times 4 red bumps each is 4 x 4 which equals 16 red bumps.

Even though you may think you can succeed without a plan,...

Even though you may think you can succeed without a plan, every decision made will either help or hinder success because all actions have consequences and people who take personal responsibility succeed. Success to one person is not always the same to another, we all have our own definitions of success. To some, success may mean money and wealth. To others good health. To one it may mean a great job or doing a job they love. And to another a great family and home life. Whatever our definition of success, it is important to find out what the means to you. (cite research material here). Characterizing success in our own personal lives starts from within. We use our own moral compass to set the direction in which we must follow on the path†¦show more content†¦Regaining control and charting a course or a plan is what is needed. Regaining control may not be easy but it is necessary. Establishing a plan is step two in the process. Even with forward momentum, if there is no planne d destination you may be going in circles for a very long time and not even realize it. The most important reason every decision made will either help or hinder success is because all actions have consequences. In defining success we must also decide what active role we play in our own success. We must ask the question, does success happen on its own? What influences success? And how much of an active role do we play in our own success. (insert/cite research data) As we set a goal to achieve success determined by our definition of it. After we’ve defined success through our moral compass. After we’ve taken control and created a plan and we must now focus on the last step of success. Making the right decisions and making each decision count. Making the right decisions is not always easy. As a matter of fact, you can sometime use that ruler to decide whether it’s the right decision to make or not. Every move in a game of chess is thought out thoroughly and methodically. (cite/enter data here) we must look at the big picture of our lives and how each of our own decisions affect the game. Although chess players sacrifice some smaller pawns throughout the match, it may be necessary for the greater good. TheShow MoreRelatedRagged Dick, by Hoatio Alger1532 Words   |  7 Pagesa society where everyone has an equal opportunity to succeed in life? No one looks at race or anything of that nature just solely on merit and no matter where you come from or what you go through you have the same opportunity as the next person. Merit is the quality of being particularly good or worth especially so as to deserve praise or reward. 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